Assessment and simulation of evacuation in large railway stations

Evacuation systems in buildings are frequently assessed to improve emergency response processes. This paper proposes a method evaluate the performance of different evacuation modes, and determine rational mode for large railway stations. We developed simulation evaluation fire safety based on an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. approach includes AHP-based exploration simulation-based refinement. considered typical station validation, conducted field survey collect data, calculated influencing factors expert opinion. The were further processed principles hierarchical model. relative weights through series pairwise comparisons using AHP. Further, we applied factor refinement simulations degree status influence each factor. external was generally stronger than that internal factors. Among them, building component characteristics people’s physiological capabilities core assessment Additionally, exit width, seat layout, visibility, speed, reaction crucial process. proposed is practical as it demands limited computations provide useful information, such priority ranking factor,